Sandra Bullock: America’s Sweetheart

The following bio can be found in full on sandrabullockweb.com.7b8ac926-a91b-4cb5-9bdc-6275286d5c40

Birth name: Sandra Annette Bullock.
Date of Birth: July 26, 1964 in Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Known as: Sandy, America’s Sweetheart, The Girl Next Door.
Height: 5’7½” (1,71 m)

love-potion-9Sandra Annette Bullock is an American actress and producer. She rose to fame in the 1990s with roles in films such as Demolition Man (1993), Speed (1994), The Net (1995), While You Were Sleeping (1995), A Time to Kill (1996), and Hope Floats (1998). In the new millennium, Bullock starred in Miss Congeniality (2000), Two Weeks Notice (2002), The Lake House (2006), and the critically acclaimed Crash (2004). In 2007, she was ranked as the 14th richest woman in the entertainment industry with an estimated fortune of US$85 million. In 2009, Bullock starred in two of the more financially successful films of her career, The Proposal and The Blind Side. Bullock was awarded the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama, and the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Leigh Anne Tuohy in The Blind Side.

the_heat_4She was once listed as the highest-paid actress in the world, with $56 million (2012). In 2013, she starred in The Heat, financially the most successful comedy of the year at the domestic box office, and Gravity, which was released on October 4, 2013 to coincide with the beginning of World Space Week. As one of the highest grossing films of the year, Gravity is Bullock’s most successful film critically and commercially. For her role as Dr. Ryan Stone in Gravity, Bullock was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama. The Blind Side, The Proposal, The Heat and Gravity, which together grossed over $1.49 billion, make her the most bankable star in Hollywood, and earned her an Oscar.

Early Lifetumblr_nrt6stR8Ml1t4osjeo1_250

Bullock was born in Arlington, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Her father, John W. Bullock (born 1925), was a United States Army employee and part-time voice coach; her mother, Helga Mathilde Meyer (1942–2000), was an opera singer and voice teacher. Bullock’s father was from Birmingham, Alabama, and had English, Irish, German, and French ancestry, while Bullock’s mother was German. Bullock’s maternal grandfather was a rocket scientist from Nuremberg, Germany. Bullock’s father, then in charge of the Army’s Military Postal Service in Europe, was stationed in Nuremberg when he met his wife. They married in Germany and moved to Arlington, where John worked with the Army Materiel Command, before becoming a contractor for The Pentagon. She has a younger sister, Gesine Bullock-Prado, who was formerly the vice-president of Bullock’s production company Fortis Films.

Bullock was raised in Nuremberg, Germany for twelve years and grew up speaking 4601ac25e8bc12111e163a3159082688German. She attended the humanistic Waldorf School. As a child, Bullock frequently accompanied her mother on European opera tours. Bullock studied ballet and vocal arts as a child, taking small parts in her mother’s opera productions. She sang in the operas children’s choir at the Staatstheater Nürnberg. The scar above her left eye was caused when she fell into a creek as a child. Bullock attended Washington-Lee High School, where she was a cheerleader and performed in high school theater productions. After graduating in 1982, she attended East Carolina University in Greenville, North Carolina, where she received a degree in drama in 1986. She then moved to Manhattan and supported herself as a bartender, cocktail waitress, and coat checker while auditioning for roles.

Until the age of eighteen, Bullock held German and American dual citizenship. In 2009 Bullock reapplied for German citizenship.MV5BMWI2ZDM2YzgtODdhNC00NGYzLTg1MjItZWMzZjQyMzFiN2FmXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNjExODE1MDc@._V1_UY268_CR4,0,182,268_AL_

Career

While in New York, Bullock took acting classes with Sanford Meisner. She appeared in several student films, and later landed a role in an Off-Broadway play No Time Flat. Director Alan J. Levi was impressed by Bullock’s performance and offered her a part in the TV movie Bionic Showdown: The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman (1989). This led to her being cast in a series of small roles in several independent films as well as in the lead role of the short-lived NBC television version of the film Working Girl (1990). She went on to appear in several films, such as Love Potion No. 9 (1992), The Thing Called Love (1993) and Fire on the Amazon (1993). A prominent supporting role in the science-fiction/action film Demolition Man (1993) was followed by her breakthrough performance in Speed the following year. Speed was a huge hit that took in $350 million at the box office worldwide, making it her second most successful picture to date.

A string of successes during the mid-1990s included While You Were Sleeping Keanu-Reeves-and-Sandra-B-001(1995), for which she received her first Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, The Net (1995) and A Time to Kill (1996). Bullock received $11 million for Speed 2: Cruise Control (1997), which she agreed to star in for financial backing for her own project, Hope Floats (1998), and has revealed she regrets making the sequel. She was selected as one of People magazine’s 50 Most Beautiful People in the World in 1996 and 1999, and was also ranked #58 in Empire magazine’s Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time list.

MSDHOFL EC005In 2000, Bullock starred in Miss Congeniality, a financial success that took in $212 million at the box office worldwide, and received another Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. She was presented with the 2002 Raúl Juliá Award for Excellence for her efforts, as the executive producer of the sitcom George Lopez, in helping expand career openings for Hispanic talent in the media and entertainment industry. She also made several appearances on the show as Accident Amy, an accident-prone employee at the factory Lopez’s character manages. The same year, she starred opposite Hugh Grant in Two Weeks Notice (2002).

In 2004, Bullock had a supporting role in the film Crash, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. She received positive reviews for her performance, with some critics suggesting that it was the best performance of her career. She later received a $17.5-million-salary for Miss Congeniality 2: Armed & Fabulous (2005). The same year, she was a co-recipient of the Women in Film Crystal Award.movieposter

Although Bullock was reunited with her Speed co-star Keanu Reeves in the romantic drama The Lake House, their film characters are separated throughout the film, so Bullock and Reeves were only on set together for two weeks during filming. The same year, Bullock appeared in Infamous, playing author Harper Lee. Bullock also starred in Premonition with Julian McMahon, which was released in March 2007. In 2008, Bullock was announced as “the face” of prestigious cosmetic brand Artistry.

2009 proved to be especially good for Bullock, giving the actress two record highs in her career, as earlier in the year she released The Proposal, with co-star Ryan Reynolds, a huge hit that took in $317 million at the box office worldwide, making it her third most successful picture to date. She received her third Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for that role.

Sandra-Bullock-in-The-ProposalIn November 2009, Bullock starred in The Blind Side, which opened at #2 behind New Moon with $34.2 million, making it her second highest opening weekend ever. The Blind Side is unique in that it had a 17.6% increase at the box office its second weekend, and it took the top spot of the box office in its third weekend. The film cost $29 million to make according to the Box Office Mojo. It has grossed over $309 million to date, making it her domestic highest grossing film, her fourth highest grossing film worldwide, and the first one in history to pass the $200 million mark with only one top-billed female star. She was awarded the Academy Award for Best Actress, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role and Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress. The Blind Side also received an Academy Award for Best Picture nomination.ss-091113-sandra-bullock-01.today-ss-slide-desktop

Winning the Oscar also gave Bullock another unique distinction — since she won two “Razzies” the day before, for her performance in All About Steve (2009), she is the only performer ever to have been named both “Best” and “Worst” for the same year. Sandra was asked to return her 2009 “Worst Actress of the Year” Razzie award; however, this wasn’t because of a change of heart for Bullock’s performance but because Bullock personally accepted her Razzie and accidentally took the original one-of-a-kind prototype Razzie, as opposed to the cheap trinket normally handed out to celebrities.

five-sandra-bullock-movies-we-love-28-daysIn 2011, Bullock starred in the drama Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close alongside Tom Hanks, a film adaptation based on the novel of the same name. Despite mixed reviews, the film was nominated for numerous awards, including an Academy Award for Best Picture nomination. Bullock was nominated for Best Supporting Actress by Georgia Film Critics Association and Best Actress Drama by Teen Choice Awards.

She starred in the 2013 comedy film The Heat, alongside Melissa McCarthy. It received positive reviews from critics, and took in $230 million at the box office worldwide. Bullock also starred in the science fiction film Gravity, opposite George Clooney. The premiere was in August, at the 70th Venice Film Festival, and the film was released on October 4, 2013 to coincide with the beginning of World Space Week. The film was originally scheduled to be released on November 21, 2012, before being re-scheduled for a 2013 release in order to complete extensive post-production effects work. Gravity received universal acclaim among critics and a standing ovation in Venice. The movie has been called marvelous, the most realistic and the most beautifully choreographed movie ever set in space. Bullock’s GravitySandraBullockPR081113performance has been praised, with some of the critics saying that Gravity is the best work of her career, and many calling her out as a major frontrunner for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Variety wrote that “Bullock inhabits the role with grave dignity and hints at Stone’s past scars with sensitivity and tact, and she holds the screen effortlessly once Gravity becomes a veritable one-woman show… …the actress remains fully present emotionally, projecting a very appealing combo of vulnerability, intelligence and determination that not only wins us over immediately, but sustains attention all the way through the cathartic closing reels.” As of January 15, 2014 Gravity took in $675 million at the box office worldwide, making it Bullock’s most successful picture to date. For her role as Dr. Ryan Stone, Bullock was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role and Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress.

sandra-bullock-oceans-8Bullock is currently set to star in Ocean’s Eight, set to release in 2018.

Additional Recognitions

 

In November 2013 it was announced that Sandra Bullock won Entertainment Weekly’ s “Entertainer of the Year,” mostly due to the success of her roles in “The Heat” and “Gravity.”

Business

Bullock runs her own production company, Fortis Films. Bullock was an executive producer of the George Lopez sitcom, which garnered a lucrative syndication deal that banked her some $10 million (co-produced with Robert Borden). Bullock tried to produce a film based on F.X. Toole’s short story, Million-Dollar Baby, but could not interest the studios in a female boxing drama. The story was eventually adapted and directed by Clint Eastwood as the Oscar-winning film, Million Dollar Baby (2004). Fortis Films also produced All About Steve which was released in September 2009. Her father, John Bullock, is the company’s CEO, and her sister, Gesine Bullock-Prado, is the former president.

In November 2006 Bullock founded an Austin, Texas restaurant, Bess Bistro located gallery-1504087136-gettyimages-97523560on West 6th Street. She later opened another business, Walton’s Fancy and Staple, across the street in a building she extensively renovated. Walton’s is a bakery, upscale restaurant and floral shop that also offers services including event planning.

 

 

Charity work

Bullock has been a public supporter of the American Red Cross, having donated $1 million to the organization at least four times. Her first public donation of that amount was to the Red Cross’s Liberty Disaster Relief Fund. Three years later, she sent money in response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunamis. In 2010, she donated $1 million to relief efforts in Haiti following the Haiti earthquake, and again donated the same amount following the 2011 Japan Earthquake.

Along with other stars, Bullock did a PSA urging people to sign a petition for clean-up efforts of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Bullock backs the Texas non-profit organization The Kindred Life Foundation, Inc. In late 2008, she joined other top celebrities in supporting the work of CEO and Founder Amos Ramirez. She shared this at a gala that raised money for the organization, “Amos has led many efforts across our nation that have helped families that are in need. Our country needs more organizations that are committed to the service that Kindred Life is.”

Info on this page is courtesy of sandrabullockweb.com.

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Steven King: Grandmaster of Horror Writing

By Rachel Gann & Haley Walker (Edited by Noel T. Manning II)

“Monsters are real, and ghosts are real too. They live inside us, and sometimes, they win.” – Stephen King

abc-picks-up-new-stephen-king-supernatural-seriesThere are your typical horror/thriller authors, and then there is Stephen King. From a demented fangirl who forces her favorite author to write a sequel, to a shape-shifting clown who feeds on small children’s fear, Stephen King has a knack for scaring his audiences. He also engages people with coming of age stories, time travel and the wrongfully accused. King has taken audiences into the past, present, other dimensions and apocalyptic futures. His works are intriguing, engaging, at times terrifying, yet many of his story’s messages are universal.

With novels, such as The Stand, The Green Mile, The Shining, Salem’s Lot, and It, King has become one of the most well-known authors of gothic horror/thrillers. King’s writing spans over 40 years and 60 books, making him one of the world’s most prolific and successful authors; the “Grandmaster of Horror” has also had nearly 100 of his works stephen-kings-it-201adapted into film and television scripts (Sobbart, 2017).

“Life is like a wheel. Sooner or later, it will always come around to where you started again.” – Stephen King

Stephen King was born September 21, 1947 in Portland, Maine, and during his early years, he also lived in Connecticut and Indiana. Stephen and his older brother, David, were raised by mother, Nellie (The Author, para.1, stephenking.com), and when Stephen was eleven, the family settled in Durham, Maine, so Nellie could care for her elderly parents. This would prove a formative time (and place) for King and for his future writings. When his grandparents passed away, Nellie found work in Pineland Hospital, a nearby residential facility for the mentally challenged (Stephen King Biography, IMDB). For anyone who has read the works of King, or seen films and TV shows based on his works, it is obvious that Maine serves as a backdrop for many of his stories.

Upon graduation from high school, King went on to attend the University of Maine at rs-173219-typewriterOrono, and there he engaged his passion for writing. He wrote a weekly column for the school newspaper, The Maine Campus, and was also a member of the Student Senate (The Author, para. 2, stephenking.com). While there, he also sold his first short story The Glass Floor to Startling Mystery Stories. He was active in student politics, and was a strong advocate for the anti-war movement on his college’s campus. (The Author, para. 2, stephenking.com). He was drafted for the Vietnam War, but he failed his draft-board examination on grounds of high blood pressure, flat feet, punctured eardrums, and limited vision. He would eventually reveal that he suffers from macular degeneration, an incurable condition that will most likely lead to blindness (Stephen King Biography, IMDB).

screen-shot-2015-04-20-at-10-22-42-am-1He graduated from college and earned a Bachelor of Arts in English in 1970, and married his college sweetheart, Tabitha Spruce In 1971 (they are still married today). He started writing more short stories during this time, to provide additional income to his family (while also searching for a stable job).  Many of these works were sold throughout the early years of their marriage, and were later gathered into his best-selling Night Shift collection.

In the fall of 1971, he got a job teaching public high school at Hampden Academy (The Author, para. 5, stephenking.com), and he spent his free time perfecting his writing craft by taking his storytelling to novel formats. His first novel, Carrie, a supernatural story about an abused outsider discovering her true gifts, was accepted for publication in the spring of 1973 (The Author, para. 5, stephenking.com). That same year, King’s editor, Bill Thompson, told him that “a major paperback sale would provide him with the means to leave teaching and write full-time”(The Author, stephenking.com). Thompson was right, and King’s world soon changed. Carrie hit the shelves in 1974, and by 2017, King had produced works that collectively sold “an estimated 350 million books” (Rollingstone.com, Stephen King).Sissy Specek as Carrie

Carrie launched Kings career as a unique and terrifying writer, and In an interview with Rolling Stone, King explained why most of his books are horror/supernatural in nature and why he was drawn to that particular genre. “It’s built in. That’s all. The first movie I ever saw was a horror movie. It was Bambi. When that little deer gets caught in a forest fire, I was terrified, but I was also exhilarated. I can’t explain it…“ (Rollingstone.com, Stephen King para. 6). King also explores themes such as guilt, as seen in 1922 (2017), friendship like the ones we see in Stand by Me (1986) and facing one’s fears, IT (1990, 2017). But, for some reason the stories exploring the limits of fear tend to draw audiences in the most.

“And as a writer, one of the things that I’ve always been interested in doing, is actually invading your comfort space. Because that’s what we’re supposed to do. Get under your skin, and make you react.” – Stephen King

stephen_king__s_salem__s_lot_by_starvingzombie-d339o22The next few years proved to be filled with ideas and opportunity for King. In the summer of 1973, King wrote his next novel ‘Salem’s Lot (originally titled The Second Coming, and then Jerusalem’s Lot), and in 1974, the Kings moved to Boulder, Colorado. They lived there for less than a year, but during this time King wrote The Shining (The Author, para. 7, stephenking.com). The summer of 1975, the Kings bought a home back in Maine, and at that house, King finished writing The Stand, and wrote The Dead Zone (The Author, para. 7, stephenking.com). While many of these stories were indeed filled with terror, fear and the supernatural, several also offered a glimmer of hope and heroes along the journey. “It’s better to be good than evil,” King said, “But one achieves goodness at a terrific cost” (Stephen King Quotes, brainyquote.com).

“If you want to be a good writer, you must do two things above all others: read a lot and write a lot.” – Stephen King

King’s story ideas poured out during the next decade as if powered through a firehose, longwalkand he decided to do something a little different. He wrote several novels under the pseudonym Richard Bachman, because he believed that the public wouldn’t buy more than one book from the same author in a year. Four of his early novels- Rage (1977), The Long Walk (1979), Roadwork (1981) and The Running Man (1982) -were published under the Bachman name. He came up with the moniker after seeing a novel by Richard Stark on his desk, while also listening to the song, “You Ain’t Seen Nothing Yet”, by Bachman Turner Overdrive (Stephen King, Biography.com). He would go on to write three more novels under that pseudonym – Thinner (1984), The Regulators (1996), and Blaze (2007).

The Kings would move several more times including a stint in London, England before settling in Bangor, Maine. After the success of his first novels, and the pressures of writing best-sellers,  Stephen King would have bouts with declining health due to drug and alcohol abuse, until his wife staged an intervention. Her message to him was: “Get help or get out. We love you, but we don’t want to witness your suicide.” (Stephen King, IMDB). He listened, and knew he had to change; he received the help he needed and became sober. Since then, King has continued to have novels published, and screen-shot-2018-02-01-at-9-39-13-amfilms adapted from his works. Some of these include Cujo (1983), Firestarter (1984), IT (1990, and a remake in 2017), and The Shining (1980). King wrote novels at a breakneck speed throughout the 80’s and 90’s, and he continues be involved in innovative works and provocative projects. He has worked directly with television, writing for series like Kingdom Hospital and Under the Dome (based off his 2009 novel). Inspired by his works, Hulu will also release a psychological horror series called Castle Rock in 2018, which will intertwine characters and themes from his works and take place in the fictional town of Castle Rock, Maine.

King has received numerous accolades for his works, earning several Bram Stoker stephen-king_2Awards, The O. Henry Award, and the Lifetime Achievement honor from the World Fantasy Awards (Awards, Stephenking.com). As of 2017, King had forty-three novels under his belt, along with eight collections of short stories, eleven screenplays, two books on the craft of writing, plus he is a co-author of Faithful which is a day-by-day account of the Red Sox’s MLB championship season in 2004. (Paris Review, Stephen King, The Art of Fiction, para. 4).

King shows no signs of slowing down, and with nearly 100 of his works adapted to film or TV already, his status as a writer (and film) legend looks to continue to expand. Stephen and Tabitha also have sons (Joe and Owen) who are becoming successful writers as welld0f0a3b216db9edeaff4905b5696a76f--horror-film-horror-movies

Trademarks

Every artist (whether filmmaker or writer) has trademarks that flow through their works; Stephen King is no exception. Many of his works have significant similarities, whether it be the setting or character types. One of his major trademarks is the use of Maine as the physical setting. Many of the male characters in his novels have occupations as writers, including Paul Sheldon from Misery, Mike Noonan from Bag of Bones, and Bill Denbrough from IT. He often uses horror and fantasy themes, and even supernatural elements. Many children/youth characters are often killed in his novels, including Tad from Cujo, Gage from Pet Semetary, Ray from The Body, and Georgie from IT. Many of his characters also experience hallucinations, such as Wilfred James from 1922 or Jessie Burlingame from Gerald’s Game. Readers will also discover that characters face inner demons as a result of self-inflicted mistakes or choices. Murder, imprisonment (physical or mental), revenge, the evil heart, and punishment for actions (or inactions) live throughout the themes, morals and messages of the King landscapes.

rs-173493-451874407Stephen King has a unique way of mentioning his previous novels (or characters) in his works as a way of dropping Easter eggs for his audience. His also depicts small-town life filled with dark secrets and transports readers/viewers into the story by asking … “what if?”

The end is near… or is it?

King can paint pictures that fuel imaginations; he can terrify or inspire you; he can feed your nightmares or your dreams. Some of his stories strike amazing similarities (Shawshank Redemption and the Green Mile), while others are like different sides of the same coin (Stand By Me and IT). Having written over five dozen novels, he continues to possess a creativity that filmmakers and television producers love to explore (Revival, The Mist, Doctor Sleep, The Long Walk). He has been compared to a cross between William Shakespeare and Edgar Allen Poe, and his ability to continually to dispense new works (almost in the blink of an eye) has also brought him into comparisons of filmmaker Woody Allen (who churns out new works annually).2u466mf

King transcribes his own fears and create masterpieces that withstand the element of time. It’s something he continues to love, and he constantly reminds aspiring writers to take a chance, and find the adventure within their craft. “Do it for joy and you can do it forever. Let’s get one thing clear right now, shall we? There is no Idea Dump, no Story Central, no Island of the Buried Bestsellers; good story ideas seem to come quite literally from nowhere, sailing at you right out of the empty sky: two previously unrelated ideas come together and make something new under the sun. Your job isn’t to find these ideas but to recognize them when they show up.

― Stephen King

 

Bibliography

Gann, R. “A Look into the life and works of Stephen King.” Aware Winning Filmmakers, 2017. Comm 400A, Semester Paper, Gardner-Webb University, Boiling Springs, N.C.

 

Greene, A. (2014, October 31). Stephen King: The Rolling Stone Interview. Retrieved November 29, 2017, from http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/stephen-king-the-rolling-stone-interview-20141031

 

Hollywood script notes: Stephen king screenplay feedback. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from https://www.hollywoodscriptnotes.com/writer-spotlight

 

Manning , N. T., II. (2018). Stephen King: grandmaster of horror. Award Winning Filmmakers,18(Fall), 2018th ser., 2-25. Retrieved February 25, 2018.

Editor – Lecture – Article

 

Miyamotomo, K. (2017, August 30). 17 Must Read Screenwriting Lessons from Stephen King. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from https://screencraft.org/2015/09/27/17-must-read-screenwriting-lessons-from-stephen-king/

Screencraft

 

Paris Review: King. Interviewed by Christopher Lehmann-Haupt and Nathaniel Rich. (2017, October 13). Stephen King, The Art of Fiction No. 189. Retrieved November 28, 2017, from https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/5653/stephen-king-the-art-of-fiction-no-189-stephen-king

S. (2017, November 1). Stephen King: The ‘King’ of Script to Screen. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from http://thepopcult.blog/stephen-king-the-king-of-script-to-screen/ . Alternative arts, style and culture

Stephen King (Goodreads Author), Bernie Wrightson (Illustrator)-Stephen Author)- Stephen King (Goodreads Author). Retrieved November 28, 2017, from www. goodreads.com/stephenking.

Stephen King Biography. IMDB.com. Retrieved November 28, 2017, from

http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000175/

Stephen King Quotes. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2018, from https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/stephen_king

Stephen King: Alcoholism, Drug Addiction, and Fame. Retrieved November 28, 2017, from https://detoxtorehab.com/celebrity/stephen-king-alcoholism-drug-addiction-and-fame

Stephen King: A Bio. Retrieved November 28, 2017, from

https://www.biography.com/people/stephen-king-9365136

Stephen King: The Biography. Retrieved November, 28, 2017, from

http://stephenking.com/

 

Stobbart, D. (2017) Lecturer in English and Creative Writing, Lancaster University, D. (2017, September 17). Stephen King: a master of horror who finds terror in the everyday. Retrieved February 25, 2018, from http://theconversation.com/stephen-king-a-master-of-horror-who-finds-terror-in-the-everyday-83758

Walker, Haley. “Review and analysis of Stephen King.” Award Winning Filmmakers, 2017. Comm 400A, Filmmakers Class, Gardner-Webb University, Boiling Springs, N.C.

 

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